In 2019, CMS announced that more than 1,500 participating hospitals will receive about $1.9 billion in bonuses for fiscal year 2020 under the Hospital Value-Based Purchasing Program, which adjusts payments to hospitals based on the quality and cost of inpatient care they provide. The results are about the same as 2018, with about 55 percent of participants scoring bonuses. source
A 2018 study in the Annals of Internal Medicine Journal found pay-for-performance programs, such as the Value-Based Payment Modifier implemented by the CMS, may contribute to health care disparities without improving performance on average as it penalizes physicians who care for the sickest patients. source